OVERVIEW: The 53-65KE is a Soviet export-version, submarine-launched, wake-homing heavyweight torpedo introduced in 1972. It was designed for foreign submarines to engage surface ships by passively homing on their wake.

DETAILS: The designation “53-65KE” refers to a 53 cm diameter torpedo in the 53-65 series, with “K” indicating a standardized model and “E” denoting export configuration. Derived from the domestic 53-65K, the KE version was modified for use by export customers operating Soviet-designed submarines, retaining the kerosene-oxidizer wet-heater engine and passive wake-homing seeker. It carried a high-explosive warhead and was launched from 533 mm torpedo tubes. The system became widely deployed among allied navies for targeting enemy surface combatants without requiring onboard wire or acoustic guidance.

TYPE: Heavyweight wake-homing torpedo

FUNCTION: After launch, the 53-65KE travels in a straight path toward the estimated target location, then activates its passive wake-homing sensor to detect and follow the turbulent trail of a ship’s wake. The torpedo detonates on contact near the stern for maximum lethality.

NOTE:
IOC: 1972 (53-65KE)
Operators: India, Algeria, Syria, Cuba, Vietnam, Libya
Platforms: Foxtrot-class (Project 641), Romeo-class (Project 633), Kilo-class (Project 877 export units), Type 033 submarines (Chinese-built Romeo-class exported)
Conflict used in: No confirmed combat use

SOURCE:
Jane’s Underwater Warfare Systems ; Federation of American Scientists (FAS): https://fas.org/man/dod-101/sys/ship/weaps/index.html ; SIPRI Arms Transfers Database: https://armstrade.sipri.org ; Naval Institute Guide to World Naval Weapon Systems ; Russian Naval Export Catalogues